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Granulated industrial carbon black is obtained after the incomplete combustion and granulation of carbon-based materials. It is mainly used in the rubber industry, for example in the production of car tyres, as it improves the wear resistance and mechanical properties of products. It is also used as an additive in paints, inks and plastics, as it is an excellent colouring and filling agent. The special structure of industrial carbon black helps to make products stronger and more durable, while also helping to absorb light and provide UV protection.
Rubber, whether natural or synthetic, is an essential raw material for many industries. Natural rubber is obtained from the sap of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), which grows mainly in tropical regions. The four largest natural rubber producers in the world are Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam and Ivory Coast, which provide a reliable and high quality raw material for the global market. These countries excel not only in quantity but also in modern processing technology, thus guaranteeing the versatility of rubber for a wide range of applications from the automotive industry to everyday consumer goods. The choice between natural and synthetic rubber depends on the application, but both offer sustainable solutions to meet industrial and consumer needs.
Rubber chemicals are chemicals used in the manufacture of rubber products to improve their properties and performance. They include vulcanising agents (such as sulphur), plasticisers, antioxidants and stabilisers. Chemicals help to increase the elasticity, wear resistance, heat and UV resistance of rubber and determine the durability and safety of the finished product. Rubber chemicals play an essential role in rubber compounding by affecting the mechanical and physical properties of the compound. Vulcanising agents help to form cross-linkages in the rubber, which increases the elasticity and strength of the product. Plasticisers improve the processability of the compound, while antioxidants and stabilisers provide protection against ageing, extending the life of the rubber.
| Property | ASTM | Unit | N-115 | N-121 | N-134 | N-220 | N-234 | N-326 (plastic) | N-326 | N-330 (plastic) | N-330 | RHO-3 / N-330 Clean | N-339 | N-347 | N-351 | N-375 | N-550 | RHO-5 / N-550 Clean | N-660 (plastic) | N-660 | RHO-6 / N-660 Clean | N-772 | N-774 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iodine Absorption Number | D1510 | gm/kg | 154 - 166 | 115 - 127 | 136 - 148 | 116 - 126 | 115 - 125 | 77-87 | 77 - 87 | 77 - 87 | 77 - 87 | 77 - 87 | 85 - 95 | 85 - 95 | 63 - 73 | 85 - 95 | 38 - 48 | 38 - 48 | 31-41 | 31 - 41 | 31 - 41 | 24 - 34 | 25 - 33 |
| Oil Absorption Number | D2414 | ml/100gm | 108 - 118 | 128 -138 | 121 - 131 | 109 - 119 | 120 - 130 | 67-77 | 67 - 77 | 97 - 107 | 97 - 107 | 97 - 107 | 115 - 125 | 118 - 130 | 114 - 126 | 109 - 119 | 116 - 126 | 116 - 126 | 85-95 | 85 - 95 | 85 - 95 | 60 - 70 | 67 - 77 |
| Sieve Residue - 325 US Std. Sieve - Max | D1514 | ppm | - | - | - | 250 | 250 | 100 | 250 | 100 | 250 | 75 | 250 | - | - | 250 | 100 | 20 | 60 | 150 | 50 | - | - |
| Sieve Residue - 100 US Std. Sieve - Max | D1514 | ppm | - | - | - | 75 | 75 | 60 | 75 | 60 | 75 | 40 | 75 | - | - | 75 | 50 | 10 | 30 | 50 | 25 | - | - |
| Sieve Residue - 35 US Std. Sieve - Max | D1514 | ppm | - | - | - | 10 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 10 | - | - | 10 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 0 | - | - |
| Heating Loss at 125°C - Max | D1509 | % | ≤ 3,0 | ≤ 3,0 | ≤ 3,0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ≤ 2,0 | ≤ 2,0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ≤ 1,0 | ≤ 1,5 |
| Fines Content - Max (bulk) | D1508 | % | ≤ 8 | ≤ 8 | ≤ 8 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | ≤ 8 | ≤ 8 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | ≤ 8 | ≤ 8 |
| Fines Content - Max (paper bag) | D1508 | % | - | - | - | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | - | - | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | - | - | - |
| Pellet Hardness (Average of 20) | D5230 | gmf | - | - | - | 25 - 40 | 25 - 40 | 20-30 | 25 - 40 | 20-30 | 25 - 40 | 20 - 30 | 25 - 40 | - | - | 25 - 40 | 25 - 40 | 20 - 30 | 20-30 | 25 - 40 | 20 - 30 | - | - |
| Pellet Hardness (Max of 20) | D5230 | gmf | ≤ 50 | ≤ 50 | ≤ 50 | 80 | 80 | 55 | 80 | 55 | 80 | 55 | 80 | ≤ 50 | ≤ 50 | 80 | 80 | 55 | 55 | 80 | 55 | ≤ 50 | ≤ 50 |
| Crush Strength - x5 Hardest Pellets - Max | D5230 | gmf | - | - | - | 70 | 70 | 50 | 70 | 50 | 70 | 50 | 70 | - | - | 70 | 70 | 50 | 50 | 70 | 50 | - | - |
| Pour Density | D1513 | kg/m³ | 305 - 385 | 280 - 360 | 280 - 360 | 320 - 390 | 300 - 355 | 415-485 | 420 - 490 | 345-415 | 345 - 415 | 345 - 415 | 310 - 380 | 395 - 375 | 305 - 385 | 310 - 380 | 325 - 395 | 325 - 395 | 395-465 | 405 - 475 | 395-465 | ≤ 420 | 450 - 530 |
| COAN | D3493 | ml/100gm | 91 - 103 | 105 - 117 | 97 - 109 | 93 - 103 | 97 - 107 | 63-73 | 63 - 73 | 83-93 | 83 - 93 | 83 - 93 | 94 - 104 | 93 - 105 | 89 - 101 | 91 - 101 | 80 - 90 | 80 - 90 | 69-79 | 69 - 79 | 69 - 79 | - | 58 - 68 |
| Tint - % ITRB | D3265 | % | 115 - 131 | 111 - 127 | 123 - 139 | 111 - 121 | 118-128 | 106-116 | 106-116 | 99-109 | 99 - 109 | 99 - 109 | 106 - 116 | 97 - 113 | 97 - 107 | 109 - 119 | 55 - 65 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ash Content - Max | D1506 | % | ≤ 0,7 | ≤ 0,7 | ≤ 0,7 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | ≤ 0,7 | ≤ 0,7 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | ≤ 0,7 | ≤ 0,7 |
| Toluene Discolouration (Min.) | D1618 | % | - | - | - | 90 | 90 | 85 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | - | - | 85 | 90 | 85 | 80 | 80 | 80 | - | - |
| Sulfur Content - Max | D1619 | % | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - |
| pH Value | D1512 | - | - | - | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | - | - | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | 6 - 9 | - | - | |
| Nitrogen Surface Area | D6556 | m²/g | 129 - 145 | 115 - 129 | 135 - 151 | 109-119 | 114 - 124 | 73-83 | 73 - 83 | 71-81 | 71 - 81 | 71-81 | 86-96 | 79-91 | 65 - 77 | 88 - 98 | 35 - 45 | 35 - 45 | 30-40 | 30 - 40 | 30 - 40 | 25 - 37 | 25 - 35 |
| STSA Surface Area | D6556 | m²/g | 116 - 132 | 107 - 121 | 128 - 146 | 101 - 111 | 107 - 117 | 71-81 | 71 - 81 | 70-80 | 70 - 80 | 70 - 80 | 83 - 93 | 77 - 89 | 64 - 76 | 86 - 96 | 34 - 44 | 34 - 44 | 29-39 | 29 - 39 | 29 - 39 | - | 24 - 34 |